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Cataract > Corneal Transplantations |
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Donated eyes collected by various eye banks are used for Corneal Transplant Surgery, which is the most frequent and successfully performed human organ transplant surgery done today. |
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| What is the Cornea? |
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The Cornea is the clear, outer covering of the eye that covers the colored iris & pupil. Light focussed whilc passing through the cornea. If the cornea is damaged it may become swollen or scarred, causing a loss in smoothness & clarity. Scars, swelling or irregularities in shape can cause the cornea to loss transparency & scatter or distort can cure that blindness. to date, it is not medically possible to transplant the entire eye.
Corneal transplants should not be confused with cataract surgery.A cataract develops when the natural internal lens which is located behind the iris, or coloured part of the eye, become cloudy. In some cases the two procedures may be combined, but basically cataract surgery & cornea transplant treat different eye conditions. |
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| The Condition that may require corneal transplants? |
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| | Corneal transplants have been performed regularly since about 1940, for condition such as:
- Corneal failure after an eye surgery, such as cataract & lens (IOL) surgery.
- Keratoconus, an abnormal steepening of the curvature of the cornea.
- Hereditary corneal failure, such as Fuchs' dystrophy.
- Scarring after infections, especially after herpes & corneal ulcers.
- Scarring after injuries.
- Painful corneal swelling (water logging) which cannot be relieved by medications of special contact lenses.
Graft rejection after a first corneal transplant.
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The Procedure:
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When an ophthalmologist determines that a patient requires a corneal transplant, the patient's name is put on waiting list at the eye bank. The length of time a patient's name is on the waiting list depends on the frequency at which donor corneas are received by the eye bank. It is important for people to donate corneas in large numbers to make up the shortage in donations.Before a cornea is released for transplant, the eye bank tests the human donor for the viruses the cause hepatitis and AIDS, and the cornea is carefully checked for clarity.It is not necessary to match donor & recipient by sex, age, race or eye color.
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The possible complications?
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The corneal transplants can be rejected by the body in approximately 5-30% of grafts. This also depends in the pre-operative disease. The rejected cornea clouds & vision deteriorates. Whereas most rejection take place within the first 3-4 months after surgery, they can occur even many years later. Most rejections, if promptly treated, can be reversed with minimal injury, warning signals for rejection include:
- Presistent discomfort
- Fall in vision
- Redness/pain & watering
- Light sensitivity
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